Carrierwave makes it easy to attach files to Rails models, but all the uploading magic operates synchronously. If you're using Backbone and want to keep model updates asynchronous, it may seem like you're out of luck.
You're not. The new XMLHttpRequest spec, which you may know better as AJAX, supports an interface called FormData. This uses the same format as a synchronous form submitted with its type set to multipart/form-data, which is what enables file uploads in a regular, synchronous form. Make sure your target browsers support FormData.
Say you have a User model with a Carrierwave field called :avatar. The update action of your RESTful controller might look like this: